Would you like a 4 day work week?
Although no country has fully adopted a 4 day work week, many of the countries below are experimenting with one or have a short average working week.
- 1. Australia
4 day work week pilot
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In total 26 companies took part in a 4 day work week trial
4 Day Work Week in Australia
In August 2022, Australia initiated a significant shift in work culture by starting a pilot program for the four day work week. This trial, involving 20 companies, marked a pivotal change from the traditional five-day work schedule that most Australian employees were accustomed to.
This six-month trial saw employees working 80% of their typical hours while maintaining full pay, a revolutionary approach in Australia's work culture. A wide range of companies were included in the pilot, all the way from “finance to fashion.”
Orchestrated by 4 Day Week Global, a non-profit organization, this program is part of a broader initiative that also includes similar pilots in the UK and New Zealand, positioning Australia at the forefront of this global work revolution.
The outcomes of the Australasian 4 day work week pilot are compelling, demonstrating the potential impact of this initiative on the Australian workforce:
1. Trial Participants
- 26 companies participated in the trial, primarily located in Australasia, with participation from Europe and North America as well.
- Majority of the companies had 11-25 employees, with representation from various industries like Professional Services, Marketing/Advertising, and Manufacturing.
2. Business Outcomes
- Companies rated the overall impact of the 4-day week trial as 8.2/10.
- Attraction of new employees rated at 8.3/10 with the 4-day workweek.
- Productivity was rated at 7/10 and performance at 6.8/10.
- There was a 44.3% decrease in the number of sick and personal days taken per employee per month and an 8.6% decrease in average resignation rates.
- 95% of the companies wished to continue with the 4-day week model.
3. Employee Outcomes
- Employees rated the 4-day workweek trial as 9/10 with 96% wanting to continue.
- Over half (54%) reported an increase in their productivity compared to their lifetime best.
- Almost all participants (96%) reduced their worktime, with 88% getting one full additional day off per week.
4. Health and Well-being Outcomes
- 64% of employees experienced reductions in burnout and 38% felt less stressed with the 4-day workweek.
- Almost half of the workers reported a decline in negative emotions and an increase in positive emotions was reported by 62% of employees.
5. Work-life Balance Outcomes
- 65% of the employees were more satisfied with their time during the 4-day workweek.
- Conflict between work and family declined for 49% and 48% of employees respectively.
- Exercise frequency and duration rose for a significant proportion of the sample, and a significant number of men in heterosexual relationships increased their share of housework and childcare.
6. Environmental Outcomes
- Time spent commuting fell by 36 minutes per person per week during the trial.
- 42% of employees took up more environmentally friendly activities during the trial.
7. Future Prospects
- The trial results suggest a clear preference for the 4-day workweek model both from businesses and employees, showing promise for wider adoption in the future.
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- 2. Austria
Short average workweek (36hrs)
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According to an OECD report, Austria has the 6th shortest average workweek in the world (35.5hrs)
4 Day Work Week in Austria
Although Austria hasn’t instituted a 4 day work week, many Austrian workers are interested in the idea. When surveyed, 1 out of every 2 Austrians said they would welcome a 4 day work week. Although there is no official pilot in place, some companies in Austria are starting to offer 4 day work weeks as an option to stay competitive.
Although most workers in Austria don’t have a 4 day work week, they still enjoy shorter working hours than workers in most countries. Austria ranks as the country with the 6th shortest work week in the world.
Working Hours in Austria
The average work week in Austria is 35.5 hours. According to the Austrian Working Hours Act, the work week cannot exceed 60 hours per week or 12 hours per day. On a 17 week basis, the work week cannot exceed an average of 48 hours. However, there are some exceptions to this, depending on factors such as the worker’s job or industry.
In Austria, typical office hours are from 9 AM to 5 PM. However, many workers start as early as 8 AM.
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- 3. Belgium
Right to work 4 days (compressed)
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Workers in Belgium now have the right to switch to a four-day week. However, the 4 day week is typically 4x10 hour days.
4 Day Work Week in Belgium
Although workers in Belgium have traditionally worked a 5 day work week, in early 2022, the Belgian government introduced a new labor market reform that allows workers to choose to work a 4 day work week.
Workers are still expected to maintain the same amount of hours, but now have the option to work 4 ten hour days. Workers are allowed to ask their employers for a six month trial period of the 4 day work week, after which they can choose to go back to the traditional 5 day work week if they prefer.
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- 4. Brazil
Large 4 day week pilot
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In September 2023, Brazil embarked on a 9-month trial of the 4-day workweek as a part of a collaborative effort
4 Day Work Week in Brazil
In September 2023, Brazil embarked on a 9-month trial of the 4-day workweek as a part of a collaborative effort with 4 Day Week Brazil, 4 Day Week Global, and Reconnect Happiness at Work.
The experiment included an initial three-month phase dedicated to masterclasses, planning, and laying the foundational groundwork for the initiative. This preparatory period lasted until December 2023, setting the stage for the subsequent implementation of the 4-day workweek for the following six months.
Pilot Companies
Currently, 22 companies in five Brazilian states have participated actively in this experiment, encompassing around 400 workers. 70% of these firms chose to apply a 4-day workweek across their entire workforce, while the remaining 30% chose to conduct the trial within specific departments only.
There were many factors that drove these organizations to be a part of this experiment, including:
- Desire to overcome challenges related to attracting and retaining talent
- Pursuit to boost productivity and employee engagement
- Aim to elevate employees' quality of life
- Commitment to foster progressive shifts in workplace culture
Pilot Format
As per the guidelines of the pilot program, the Brazilian government instructed participating companies to adopt the 100:80:100 approach by 4 Day Week Global. Under this model, employees receive their full pay while working 20% fewer hours. However, they are expected to maintain full productivity to ensure the success of the trial run.
To implement this, a significant number of companies adopted a unified day-off schedule, with the majority opting for Fridays off. However, some companies divided these days between Monday and Friday among their workforce, while a minority allowed workers to select their weekly day off themselves.
4-Day Work Week Companies in Brazil
Even before Brazil's widespread 4-day workweek experiment, many organizations had already adapted to this condensed schedule.
Let’s have a brief look at them:
1. Zee.Dog
Zee.Dog, a Brazilian pet products company, is recognized as the pioneer in Brazil for following a 4-day workweek. Established in 2011, it has become a leader in innovative pet accessories, setting trends not only in product design but also in workplace culture.
The company’s efforts to implement a 4-day workweek model were led by its co-founder and creative director, Thadeu Diz, inspired by a global trend sparked by Andrew Barnes. This transition was made after the COVID-19 pandemic when a remote work arrangement was first adopted.
However, in February 2021, Zee.Dog adopted the 4-day workweek model, allowing employees to take every other Wednesday off, adapting to the new normal of work while maintaining productivity.
The following results were noted after Zee.Dog’s implementation of a 4-day workweek:
- Workforce Contentment: It was significantly elevated with employees enjoying the unique benefit of mid-week breaks every other week. This innovative approach to work-life balance has resulted in increased job enthusiasm and overall happiness within the staff.
- Maintained Operational Output: The shift did not come at the cost of work quality or output. Instead, it encouraged employees to prioritize tasks more effectively, maintaining productivity levels.
- Talent Dynamics: Zee.Dog's adoption of the 4-day workweek positioned the company as a leader in workplace innovation, making it highly attractive to many job seekers. This approach has improved the firm's ability to attract top talent who are passionate about work-life balance.
2. Winnin
Winnin, a Rio de Janeiro-based martech startup, specializes in tracking online video consumption data. Under the leadership of CEO and co-founder Gian Martinez, the company has embraced a 4-day workweek model.
Initiated in 2021 as a social experiment, it underwent extensive preparation, including reducing unnecessary meetings and establishing clear KPIs to measure success.
After a one-month trial demonstrated the initiative's efficacy, Winnin made the decision to implement the 4-day work week permanently.
The below outcomes were obtained following Winnin's adaptation of a compressed workweek model:
- Increase in Mental and Physical Health Attention: The initiative resulted in a 41.9% increase in employees' focus on their mental and physical health. This significant uplift gave them more time to engage in activities that contribute to their well-being, fostering workplace productivity.
- Increased Sense of Purpose and Belonging: Employees experienced an increased sense of purpose, belonging, and pride in the company. This shift is indicative of a more engaged and motivated workforce.
- Enhanced Work-Life Balance: The implementation of the 4-day work week led to a notable improvement in work-life balance among workers. It proved useful in maintaining a healthy relationship between professional obligations and personal life, reducing stress and burnout rates.
3. Signifyd
Founded in 2011, Signifyd is a fraud protection company specializing in securing eCommerce transactions through machine learning and big data analysis.
The implementation of the 4-day workweek at the firm was initiated as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic to support employee well-being and productivity.
This shift was implemented permanently from 1st March 2022 and aimed to maintain operational efficiency while granting employees an additional day for personal time.
Signifyd observed the following changes in its workforce as a result of a 4-day workweek schedule:
- Employee Satisfaction: Significantly improved, with workers experiencing a more substantial work-life balance. The additional day off allowed staff more time for personal activities, hobbies, and family, contributing to overall happiness and job satisfaction.
- Productivity: The company observed that productivity levels either remained consistent or increased despite the reduced working hours. This demonstrates that employees were more focused and efficient during their condensed work schedules.
- Recruitment and Retention: Signifyd's adoption of a four-day workweek made it a more attractive employer in the competitive tech industry. It experienced a noticeable improvement in attracting top talent and retaining existing employees who valued the company’s commitment to work-life balance
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- 5. Canada
Large 4 day week pilot
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Dozens of companies in Canada are experimenting with a 4 day work week as part of the 4 Day Week Global pilot.
Canada's Move Towards the 4-Day Work Week
Canada's exploration of the 4-day work week began in early 2022 with a pilot program led by 4 Day Week Global. By October, a second wave of companies joined, aiming to maintain full productivity with reduced hours.
This initiative aims to prove that a 20% reduction in work hours, without pay cut, can still sustain 100% productivity.
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- 6. Denmark
Short average workweek (33hrs)
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According to an OECD report, Denmark has the 2nd shortest average workweek in the world (33hrs)
See AlsoDoes the Netherlands have a 4 Day Work Week? — 4 Day Week GlobalWe tried a 4-day workweek for 6 months. Here's what we had to do to make it work and why we landed on something different.Everything You Need to Know About the 4-Day Work Week | Michael PageWork less, gain more? The 4 day working week4 Day Work Week in Denmark
Although most of Denmark hasn’t officially adopted a 4 day work week, it has the second shortest average work week in the world. According to an OECD report, the average work week in Denmark is only 33 hours long. This allows full-time workers in Denmark to spend about 66% of their day on rest and leisure.
In 2019, Denmark’s Odsherred Municipality introduced a 35 hour, 4 day work week. Employees are expected to work longer hours Monday through Thursday and be willing to be contacted outside of work in order to have Fridays off.
In1930s Denmark, companies began switching to a 5 day work week (previously 6 days). The standard working week is now 5 days per week, Monday to Friday.
Working Hours in Denmark
The average number of hours worked in Denmark has been falling over the last 20 years. In 1970, the average employee worked 35.2 hours, whereas the number dropped to 33.72 hours in 2021 (4% less). On average men work 33.1 hours per week and women work 29.5 hours.
The maximum weekly working hours by law is 48 hours on average, including overtime.
In Denmark, average hours worked per week varies by industry. Employees in the private sector work two hours longer on average than employees in the public sector.
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- 7. France
4 day week pilot + 35hr workweek
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In 2024, France's first national 4 day week pilot launched, improving on their 35hr / week legally mandated workweek.
4 Day Work Week in France
In 2024, France's first national 4 day work week pilot launched, in partnership with Emlyon Business School (applications close July 31, 2024). This initiative, backed by 4 Day Week Global, aims to enhance work-life balance by allowing 50 companies to adopt a 32-hour week with no cut in pay.
Working Hours in France
France has a legally mandated 35-hour work week which was established over 22 years ago in 2000.
The standard working hours in France are typically between 8 AM to 4 PM or 9 AM to 5 PM. These hours include a 1-hour unpaid lunch break. Weekly, employees work a total of 35 paid hours, which is structured at 7 hours a day for five days a week. Any longer than this is considered overtime.
A major positive is that French law is very strict when it comes to limiting working hours. The maximum working hours for an employee is capped at 10 hours a day and 44 hours a week. These hours include any overtime worked. The average employees’ hours rarely exceed 44 per week.
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- 8. Germany
4 day week campaigns
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In addition to having one of the shortest work weeks in the world (34hrs), the largest trade union in Germany is campaigning for a 4 day work week.
4 Day Work Week in Germany
At 34 hours, Germany has one of the shortest average work weeks in the world, but there’s a movement to improve working hours even more. IG Metall, Germany’s largest trade union, is lobbying for Germany to adopt a 4 day work week.
Since 2020, Germany has faced economic difficulties from both the pandemic and the struggle to transition to electric vehicles (the car industry employs much of Germany’s blue collar workforce). Many people in Germany believe reducing employees’ hours would help avoid job cuts in the face of economic difficulties.
Working Hours in Germany
Legal working days in Germany are from Monday to Saturday, but for most workers, a standard work week is from 8 or 9 AM to 5 PM, Monday through Friday. Employees are allowed to work up to 10 hours per day, as long as the total weekly work time is not longer than 48 hours. Typically, work time should not exceed 8 hours per day.
Unlike many countries, Germany does not have laws that mandate overtime pay, but agreements often exist between the employee and employer.
In most cases, it is illegal for employers to force employees to work on Sundays or public holidays in Germany. If a worker is required to work in either of these circ*mstances, the employer is legally obligated to provide a substitute day off within a certain timeframe.
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- 9. Iceland
Public sector have a 4 day work week
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The largest pilot of a 4 day work week (35-36hrs) took place in Iceland with 2.5k people taking part in the study.
4 Day Work Week in Iceland
Iceland is one of the countries most in support of the 4 day work week. Between 2015 and 2019, Iceland led one of the largest 4 day work week pilots. The trial involved about 2,500 participants with no reduction in pay.
The trial was considered a huge success and has resulted in a huge shift in Iceland’s standard working hours, with 90% of the population currently enjoying reduced hours or other work modifications.
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- 10. Ireland
Large 4 day week pilot
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Seventeen Irish businesses are trialing a 4 day work week for 6 months between June & December 2022
4 Day Work Week in Ireland
Although Ireland hasn’t officially adopted a 4 day work week, many companies in the country participated in a 6 month, 4 day work week pilot program between June and December of 2022. The pilot was sponsored by 4 Day Week Global, a group campaigning to bring the 4 day work week to countries across the world.
17 Irish companies participated in the trial program, which was monitored by researchers from Boston University and University College Dublin. The goal of the program was to determine whether the 4 day work week can increase employee wellness and productivity while reducing carbon emissions.
Here are the results from the pilot:
Business Performance and Productivity
- The trial companies saw an ~8% increase in revenue.
- Compared to the same timeframe last year, revenue increased by 37.55%.
- There was a positive trend in the hiring rate, and a slight reduction in absenteeism and resignations.
Balance Between Work and Personal Life
- Employees could dedicate more time to personal interests and voluntary activities.
- There was a drop in the need for additional time for most tasks and activities.
- Extra free time was primarily distributed amongst recreational activities, domestic duties/care work, and self-care.
Physical and Mental Health
- A decline in stress levels and burnout was reported by employees after the trial.
- Improvement in physical and mental health was self-reported.
- An increase in physical exercise and a decrease in fatigue were noted.
Environmental Impact and Commuting
- There was a drop in the percentage of employees commuting via car from 56.5% before the trial to 52.5% afterwards.
- The weekly commute duration saw a reduction of nearly an hour.
- Small but significant increases were observed in home recycling activities, choosing to walk or cycle instead of driving, and buying environmentally-friendly products.
Value of Current Job
- At the conclusion of the trial, 70% of respondents claimed they would need a salary increment of 10-50% to switch back to a five-day work routine.
- 13% mentioned they would need a salary increment of more than 50%.
- Another 13% of respondents claimed they wouldn't revert to a five-day schedule irrespective of the pay rise.
Household Labor and Gender Equality
- The trial did not significantly impact the division of labor at home.
- A slight increase in men's contribution to childcare was observed.
- Further studies are needed to understand changes in societal norms over time.
Cost of Childcare
- The trial observed a decrease in expenses related to childcare.
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- 11. Japan
Government 4 day week recommendation
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The Japanese government released their annual economic policy in 2021 which recommended that companies let staff work 4 days per week, instead of the usual 5.
4 Day Work Week in Japan
Although in the past Japan has been known for an intense working culture, recently the country has released new guidelines encouraging employers to move to 4 day work weeks.The idea of a 4 day work week has been proposed in the past and implemented by some companies, such as Microsoft Japan. However, the Covid-19 pandemic and a labor shortage in the country moved the government to promote it as a nation-wide guideline.
The goal of the 4 day work week guideline is to support employee wellness, family time and social life, and help with the country’s labor shortage.
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- 12. Netherlands
Short average workweek (29hrs)
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In the Netherlands, citizens now have the right to go part time in their job unless there is "substantial business reason" justifying why they cannot. As a result workers in the Netherlands have the shortest average working week in the world (29hrs)
4 Day Work Week in the Netherlands
Although the Netherlands doesn't officially work a 4 day week, it's the a norm for many people, especially working moms.
According to government statistics, 86% of employed moms worked less than 35 hours per week. 12% of working fathers also worked low hours compared to other countries.
Working Hours in the Netherlands
At only 29 hours long, the Netherlands has one of the shortest average work weeks in the world. This is partly due to legislation offering workers the right to choose part time hours.
Standard working hours in the Netherlands are from 9 AM to 5 or 6 PM, Monday through Friday. By law, employers cannot require employees to work more than 12 hours on a given day, with a 60 hour weekly maximum. Employees in the Netherlands cannot be required to work on Sundays.
Over the course of four weeks, an employee’s average weekly hours should be lower than 55, unless a mutual agreement between the employee and employer is reached to work more. However, the hours cannot exceed 60.
The Netherlands does not have laws that regulate overtime pay, so the rate depends on the contact between an employee and employer. Employees are only paid for overtime work that has been requested by the employer.
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- 13. New Zealand
Large 4 day week pilot
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In total 26 organizations took part in a 4 day work week trial
4-Day Work Week in New Zealand
Like all the other countries, different organizations have made tangible efforts to introduce 4 day work week in New Zealand. Still, it is in its early stages, and trials are being conducted to analyze the impact of the reduced working hours on different aspects.
Following the successful trial run at New Zealand-based company Perpetual Guardian in 2018, 4 Day Week Global came into existence.
This New Zealand trial was run by a non-profit organization, 4 Day Week Global to assess employees productivity and business growth objectives while offering a 4-day work week.
New Zealand's four days work week trial results about employee well-being and business growth will overwhelm you:
Business Outcomes
- On a scale of 1-10, the trial was rated 8.2 by all the stakeholders, highlighting its success.
- The companies met 100% of their business targets while undergoing the four-day week experiment.
- The set revenue goals were met within time.
- There were no additional costs in terms of higher pay or other benefits given to employees.
Employees Productivity
- The employees worked 20% less than their traditional five-day week but achieved better results through a four-day working week.
- The extra time received as a result of the shorter working week was available as the leisure time that could be spent by the workers as needed.
- 38% of the employees felt less stressed
- The burnout stat decreased by 2/3rd during the term of the four-day week trial.
- People exercised more and slept more in addition to having a better sense of time.
- The workers could spend more time on passion projects.
- The overall work-life conflict was reduced significantly.
- Organizations witnessed a 44% decline in absenteeism, while resignations dropped by 9% in the four-day week trial.
Employees' Take on 4-Day Work Week
After this trial, most of the employees loved the concept of a four-day workweek.
- 1 in 10 employees said that they wouldn't want to go back to the traditional five-day week, irrespective of the amount of money offered.
- 1 in 3 employees demanded 26 - 50% more money to join the workspace with a 5-day week routine once shifted to a four-day working week business.
Gender Equality & Environmental Impact
With a four-day workweek, men found themselves spending more time at home, lending a hand to their families and contributing to a more balanced division of responsibilities. This positive shift contributed to an overall sense of gender equality.
This change enabled male employees to participate in family life and allowed them to step up in caregiving roles, giving their partners a chance to enjoy some well-deserved freedom.
Also, favorable environmental outcomes were noted, indicating a decrease of 36 minutes in weekly commuting time per person.
So, overall, the trial showed that a four-day workweek could boost productivity, improve employee morale and well-being, and reduce stress and burnout.
However, for a clearer picture of its impact on employee success, more trials and experiments are needed to gather solid evidence.
Unilever New Zealand Trial
Another study was conducted by Unilever New Zealand. The aim of this experiment was to analyze the impact of a four-day workweek on employee performance, productivity, and business revenue targets.
This initial New Zealand trial was an 18-month pilot project in which 80 employees participated. Within this experiment, the workers had the right to keep 100% of the salaries while working for only 80% of the time. However, the business targets were to be fully achieved.
- The results of this trial were a success. Here are a few findings:
- The employees felt more engaged to work during their four-day work weeks.
- The vast majority of staff felt engaged, and absenteeism dropped by 34%.
- The stress level decreased by 33% after an extra day off.
- The stats indicated that the work-life conflict fell by 67%.
- The individual well-being of the employees improved by 33%.
- Employees showed more strength at work. It was up by 15%.
- Even the stakeholders admitted that the business goals were fully met.
All of these stats show that the four-day workweek could bring more benefits for the employees and the organizations.
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- 14. Norway
Short average workweek (34hrs)
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According to an OECD report, Norway has the 3rd shortest average working week in the world (33.6hrs).
4 Day Work Week in Norway
Although Norway hasn’t officially adopted the 4 day work week, at 34 hours, Norway’s work week is shorter than many other countries.
To date, Norway hasn’t taken part in any official 4 day work week pilots; however there are several companies across the country that have chosen to adopt the 4 day work week on their own.
Working Hours in Norway
Standard working hours in Norway are usually between 8 or9 AM to 4 or 5 PM, including a lunch break, which is not paid. Workers must have at least 11 hours off between shifts. Any time worked beyond 9 hours in one day, or 40 hours a week, is considered overtime and must be compensated.
Although some countries offer the option for workers to opt out of the maximum working hours rule, Norway does not. Norway’s overtime regulations are strict, and employees must work less than 200 hours per year. By law, overtime work must be compensated by at least 140% of the employee’s normal rate.
According to the law, the maximum working hours per day is 9 hours, and the maximum working hours per week is 40 hours. Overtime is defined as any work that exceeds these limits.
Additionally, workers in Norway are not permitted to work nights (anytime after 9 PM and before 6 AM) or on Sundays unless it’s a necessity in their line of work.
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- 15. Portugal
4 day work week pilot
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In total 39 companies took part in a 4 day work week trial
4 Day Work Week in Portugal
The workers in Portugal typically follow a five-day work week, as is the case in most parts of the world. However, the recent success of the experiments to explore the impact of a 4-day work week has paved the way for a better work-life balance.
The pilot program in Portugal emphasizes that a four-day workweek can lead to various benefits, such as improved well-being and mental health of the employees.
Also, it will ensure that the business objectives are met with a higher efficiency as compared to the standard workweek.
4-day Work Week - Collaboration of Global & Portuguese Government
The pilot study has been initiated by the collaboration of the government and the international organization Global, a propagator of the four-day workweek.
The program is part of the Global movement working to introduce shorter workweek in different parts of the world.
The four-day week uses 100-80-100™ model, where the employees don't have to undergo any reduction in pay, but they are required to work a lesser number of days.
Trial Participants
Within this study, 39 private-sector organizations are participating from different sectors. Most of the participants are from technology and professional businesses. Also, a nursery, a care home, a stem cell bank, and a scientific research firm are included in the four-day workweek trial.
Participation in this experiment aims to reduce burnout and stress in the employees and improve the retention ratio.
The Four Day Workweeks program started in June. The pilot program will be continued for the next six months and will end in December. Only then the tangible deductions from this shorter workweek study can only be stated.
However, the same four-day workweek trial in other countries around the world reflects a better work-life balance, improved productivity, environmental implications, and other benefits.
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- 16. Scotland
Government 4 day week pilot
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The Scottish Government has pledged £10 million to help private companies pilot a 4 day work week.
4 Day Work Week in Scotland
In September 2023, the Scottish Government announced plans to test a four-day workweek for specific public sector employees.
This initiative will test a shorter working week at 100% salary and will pilot the scheme for a year. After the 12 months, results of the experiment will be analysed before any potential broader implementation.
Advisers hope that if the public sector's four-day workweek proves successful, it might encourage the private sector to adopt it for enhanced productivity and better work-life balance.
Earlier in 2021, the Scottish government revealed plans to donate 10 million pounds towards helping companies take part in a 4 day work week pilot program.
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- 17. South Africa
Large 4 day week pilot
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Starting in 2023, various companies in South Africa will be piloting a 4 day week with no loss in pay
4 Day Work Week in South Africa
Although South Africa doesn’t officially have a 4 day work week, many South African companies have recently started piloting a shorter work week. They join the 100’s of companies who have already started trialing a 4 day work week (i.e. a 32hr week for 100% salary) as part of the 4 Day Week Global campaign.
These pilots will run for 6 months, started in February 2023.
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- 18. Spain
Government 4 day week pilot
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The Spanish government has proposed a €50m project to help companies trial a 4 day work week with minimal risk.
4 Day Work Week in Spain
Workers in Spain typically work a 5 day work week. In 2021, however, the Spanish government agreed to invest 50 million euros (the equivalent of $60 million) into a three-year, 4 day work week trial program.
Approximately 200 companies and 3,000-6,000 employees are expected to participate. Employees will work 32 hours a week without pay reduction. The country’s government will cover 100% of the companies’ costs the first year, 50% the second year, and 33% during the final year of the trial.
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- 19. Sweden
Large 4 day week pilot
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A number of companies in Sweden are set to pilot a 4 day week in 2024.
4-Day Workweek in Sweden
A number of companies in Sweden are set to a pilot of the four-day workweek, starting June 2024. This initiative is part of a larger European movement, led by 4 Day Week Global.
This experiment will run for 6 months and aims to explore the benefits and practicalities of a shortened workweek, aligning with simultaneous trials across several European nations.
Sweden made headlines in 2015 when it implemented a four-day workweek in Gothenburg. Instead of adhering to the traditional model of four eight-hour workdays, the working hours were reduced to six hours per day, totalling 30 hours per week.
The trial adopted an innovative 100:80:100 approach, which allowed employees to receive their full salaries for working 80% of the time while still achieving 100% productivity.
The public institutions that took part in this experiment were granted financial support by the local government so there were no deductions in the salaries of employees. This experiment went on for almost 2 years, making it the first-ever example of a long-term trial run held for a 4–day workweek.
Pilot Results
As an example, the effects of this initiative were studied in Gothenburg’s hospital orthopedics unit and two local nursing homes. In the hospital’s orthopedics unit, 80 nurses and doctors participated in a 24-month trial where traditional working hours were modified.
Simultaneously, a controlled study compared productivity between two nursing homes operating under different working hours.
1. Hospital Orthopedics Unit:
- Health Outcomes: Remarkably, none of the participants in the orthopedics unit reported sick during the entire 24-month period.
2. Nursing Homes Study:
- Productivity Increase: The nursing home that reduced working hours to 6 hours a day saw staff complete over 80% more patient activities than the staff working traditional 8-hour shifts.
- Financial Challenges: Despite the productivity gains, the initiative faced financial hurdles, incurring an additional cost of $120,000 per month. This led to the premature ending of the trial following a change in government, as the new authorities struggled to justify the ongoing expenses.
These outcomes highlight the potential benefits and challenges of reducing working hours in healthcare settings, demonstrating significant improvements in employee health and productivity, albeit with considerable financial implications.
Companies Implementing the 4-Day Work
Although the 2-year long trial was successful in Sweden, there are a few companies that recently implemented a 4-day workweek.
Let’s dig deeper into more details about them:
1. Seably
Founded by The Swedish Shipowners' Association in September 2020, Seably offers a unique marketplace for maritime training, emphasizing high-quality courses and promoting a vibrant online community.
From September to November 2022, the company embarked on a 4-day workweek trial as part of its commitment to innovation in its organizational culture. It followed the 100:80:100 principle, where most employees enjoyed Fridays off.
However, an exception was made for customer support teams who adapted their schedules to ensure 24/7 support.
The obtained results were positive, which forced the company to continue with the implementation of a 4-day workweek. These include:
- Increased Employee Satisfaction: This initiative led to heightened employee satisfaction, with staff reporting a significant reduction in burnout.
- Higher Productivity per Hour: Despite working fewer hours, workers were more focused and efficient towards their jobs, contributing to higher productivity levels overall.
- Enhanced Work-Life Balance: Employees enjoyed an improved balance between their professional and personal lives, leading to better well-being and mental health.
All these successful results are also attributed to the internal workshops conducted by Seably across various business units with an effort for this innovative approach to work.
2. Sandqvist Bags
Sandqvist Bags is a renowned Swedish company known for manufacturing high-quality bags, backpacks, and accessories. The brand introduced a four-day workweek on 27 February 2023 to build a healthy work-life balance among its workers.
This bold step aimed to uphold the company's productivity and service standards while granting employees more leisure time. Notably, this transition was made with the assurance that salaries would remain unchanged despite the reduced working hours.
The adoption of a 4-day workweek by Sandqvist Bags is projected to bring about a series of transformative benefits for both the company and its employees. These include:
- Enhanced Employee Well-Being: By offering employees more free time for personal development, family, and leisure activities, Sandqvist noticed an improvement in overall employee satisfaction and well-being.
- Sustainable Performance: Aligning with the CEO's vision, the initiative tends to lead to better performance as employees feel more rested, valued, and engaged.
- Attractiveness as an Employer: The move to a 4-day workweek has made the company more attractive to current and potential employees, enhancing the company's ability to recruit and retain top talent.
3. Toyota
Toyota, a renowned global automotive manufacturer originally from Japan, has been at the forefront of innovative business practices for decades.
The company’s Swedish operations introduced the four-day workweek as a voluntary option for employees, allowing them to work longer hours across four days instead of the traditional five.
This policy was aimed at boosting employee satisfaction and retention by offering more flexibility and a better balance between work and personal life.
- Higher Productivity: The mechanics on a 30-hour-per-week schedule demonstrated higher productivity levels compared to those working the traditional 40 hours. Thus, the total output from them exceeded that of their counterparts on a standard workweek.
- Lower absenteeism: With more time to rest and manage personal affairs, employees took fewer sick days, improving overall attendance. Moreover, it also led to higher morale and job satisfaction among employees, which contributed to lower turnover rates.
- Happier Customers: Customer satisfaction increased, likely due to the more efficient service and possibly the positive attitudes of the more satisfied workforce.
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- 20. Switzerland
Large 4 day week pilot + short workweek (35hrs)
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In 2024, various Swiss companies are set to pilot a 4 day week. Additionally, Switzerland has the 4th shortest average working week in the world (34.6hrs)
4 Day Work Week in Switzerland
To date, Switzerland has not officially adopted the 4 day work week but in 2024 many Swiss companies are set to pilot a reduced working week model. The study, a partnership between 4 Day Week Global, a consultancy based in Zurich, and Bern University of Applied Sciences (BFH), focuses on examining the viability and benefits of this work model. Several local companies have demonstrated interest in participating in this groundbreaking research.
Earlier in 2022, various Swiss unions campaigned for a 4 day work week at 100% salary.
Working Hours in Switzerland
According to an OECD survey, workers in Switzerland enjoy the 4th shortest work week in the world, coming in at 34.6 hours. However, the average hours worked in Switzerland vary based on industry and employer. Working time should not exceed 45 hours per week, according to Swiss law.
Employees who work in the medical or hospitality fields generally work longer hours than workers with jobs in other industries.
Under Swiss law, employees can’t work more than 170 hours of overtime per year. Overtime work is compensated at either 125% of the employee’s normal rate or with paid leave.
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- 21. UK
Large 4 day week pilot
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Over 3,000 staff at 60 UK businesses trialed a 4 day work week for 6 months between June & December 2022
4 Day Work Week in the UK
Historically, the UK has had a traditional, 5 day work week. However, in 2022, the UK began a large 4 day work week pilot program. The program includes 70 UK businesses, over 3,300 employees, and covers over 30 fields of work.
The trial ran from June 2022 until December of 2022 and is the largest 4 day work week pilot program to date. Similar pilots are taking place in Ireland, the United States, Israel, and several other countries over the same period.
The trial is being conducted by the 4 Day Week Global organization, in conjunction with several other companies and researchers from Oxford, Cambridge, and Boston University.
Here are the results from this pilot study:
Business Outcomes
- 92% of companies continued with the 4-day week post-trial.
- Average revenue increased by 1.4% across participant companies.
- The trial was rated 8.3/10 by companies.
- Business performance and productivity both scored an average of 7.5/10.
- Staff attrition decreased by 57% over the trial period.
Employee Outcomes
- 90% of employees expressed a definite desire to continue with the 4-day week.
- 55% of employees reported an improvement in their work abilities.
- 15% stated they wouldn't accept a five-day schedule in their next role, regardless of the salary.
Health and Well-being
- 71% of employees experienced a reduction in burnout.
- Stress levels fell for 39% of participants.
- 43% of employees noted an improvement in mental health.
- 54% reported a decrease in negative emotions.
- Physical health improved for 37% of employees.
- 46% experienced reduced fatigue.
- Sleep problems decreased for 40% of participants.
Family and Household Life
- 73% of employees reported higher satisfaction with their time.
- 60% found it easier to balance paid work with caregiving responsibilities.
- Work-life balance improved, with 62% finding it easier to combine work with social life.
- Men's involvement in childcare increased by more than double that of women (27% vs. 13%).
Global Outlook
- The overall experience of the trials was rated an 8.5 out of 10.
- Business productivity and performance each scored a 7.5 out of 10.
Life and Job Satisfaction
- Both men and women showed improved outcomes on a 4-day week, with women’s improvements generally being greater.
Climate and Lifestyle
- Commuting time fell by 30 minutes per week across the sample.
- The extra day off was primarily used for hobbies, leisure, housework, caregiving, and personal upkeep, not for additional paid work.
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- 22. USA
4 day work week pilot
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More than 30 companies took part in a 4 day week pilot
4 Day Work Week in the U.S.
Traditionally, the U.S. has had a 5 day work week. While the 4 day work week has not been adopted in the U.S. to date, the country is taking steps to determine if it’s a feasible option.
The organization 4 Day Week Global undertook a 4 day work week pilot program across the U.S. and Canada. The pilot involved nearly 2,000 employees and 35 companies across North America.
Here are the results of the pilot:
Productivity and Revenue
- An 8% rise in revenue was observed during the trial.
- Revenue was up 37.55% compared to the same period in the previous year.
- The rate of hiring increased while absenteeism and resignations slightly declined.
Work-Life Balance
- Employees were able to spend more time on hobbies and volunteering.
- There was a decrease in the desire for more time spent on most activities.
- The extra time off was primarily allocated to leisure, housework/care work, and personal maintenance
Well-being
- Employees reported decreased stress and burnout post-trial.
- Self-rated physical and mental health improved after the trial.
- Employees spent more time exercising and reported less fatigue.
Commute and Environmental Impact
- A reduction in the percentage of employees commuting by car was seen, from 56.5% pre-trial to 52.5% post-trial.
- Time spent on commuting fell by nearly an hour a week.
- There was a slight increase in household recycling, walking and cycling, and purchasing of eco-friendly products.
Job Valuation
- 70% of employees reported that they would require a 10-50% pay rise to return to a five-day schedule.
- 13% said they would require more than a 50% pay rise.
- Another 13% stated that no amount of money could convince them to give up the four-day work week.
Gender Equality in Household Labor
- There was no significant change in the household division of labor.
- Men marginally increased their contribution to childcare.
- Future research is required to study changes in societal norms.
Childcare Costs
- A reduction in childcare costs was observed over the course of the trial.
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- 23. United Arab Emirates
Government 4.5 day work week
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The UAE has shortened its workweek for all government employees, allowing staff to have a half day on a Friday.
4 Day Working Week in the United Arab Emirates
While the United Arab Emirates has not yet moved to a 4 day work week, the government announced at the end of 2021 that government agencies and schools will be moving to a 4.5 day work week.
With this shift, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has become the first country in the world to officially move to a work week that is less than the traditional 5 days. The province of Sharjah has gone one further, and has adopted 4 day week model.
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